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21世紀第一個十年已經結束,很多人赫然發現原來我們有一個差勁的開始。新的世紀由 Y2K 恐慌掀開序幕 - 大家害怕所有電腦都會在公元 2000 年一起掛點。然後是 911 事件,緊接著是兩場漫長又昂貴的戰爭。美股那斯達克(Nasdaq)泡沫化,崩潰,接著房地產泡沫引發次貸危機,並因而導引出史無前例的印鈔救市,千百兆美元灌入市場以防止全球衰退。結果是讓金融危機陰魂不散,並擴大了窮人與富人之間的鴻溝。

每個世代都有它自己的個性。1960年代我們有嬉皮。1970年代和平運動帶出了 John Travolta 和 Disco舞。1980年代是資本主義大獲全勝,1990年代是科技的年代,突然之間電腦癡人人稱羨。

所以,21世紀第一個十年要稱做什麼年代?是宗教恐怖份子開飛機撞高樓,還是金融恐怖份子從高樓內部把我們的財富扒走?是由 Bernie Madoff 和 Allen Stanford 主演的馬多夫騙局(或者你要稱做是由社會安全機制或基金公司主演的也可以...)或者稱呼這個年代為奇怪配對年代,像是歐巴馬與希拉蕊,或者 John 和 Sarah?也許也可叫名人亂情年代,譬如老虎五隻,Elliot Spitzer 和 John Edwards。(這三人真該合寫一本書,書名就叫"家庭的價值")

這個世紀有個精彩的開始

無論如何,這個世紀有個精彩的開始。那麼第二個十年又會帶給我們什麼?什麼新的時代特性會展露,當嬉皮、迪斯可鴨子、高科技、和亂情名人們都已成昨日黃花?

我相信有兩個值得報導的新族群會在 2010~2020 年興起。一個很大的族群叫做 垃圾一族,會這麼稱呼是因為主流生活把這群人遺忘在垃圾場裡了。垃圾一族很大部分是老嬉皮,他們在60年代很出風頭,不過卻忘記讓自己長大。也不是所有的垃圾一族都是嬉皮們,還有很多人會變垃圾一族是像恐龍絕滅一樣,他們忽視整個社會的風向已經改變。他們單純的跟隨他們父母的腳步,忠實地相信他們需要做的只是乖乖去上學,得到一個好工作,買一間房子,努力存錢,拿公司養老金退休,每月領社會安全基金,然後就能永遠快樂的在鄉村俱樂部生活。這個生命公式的確在他們父母那一代運作得很好 - 打過二次大戰的那一代,但為何不能運作在他們身上?

原因是,錢的規則已經改變。1971尼克森總統廢棄金本位,1974年現在401K計畫的前身開始推行。當通膨起飛後規則大變忽然間,存錢的人都變成輸家,欠債的人卻佔盡便宜。人們跑到房市與股市裡賭博,因為過去退休保證金這張支票不再兌現。

接下來的十年,我相信我們會聽到越來越多垃圾一族的故事 - 受過高等教育、努力工作、曾經很成功、很有成就的人卻發現他們已經沒有時間、沒有錢了,在他們黃金歲月卻要靠政府和家庭的資助過生活。

新的、年輕的、榮耀的一族

第二個你將會常聽到的新族群是一個年輕化、全球化的超富族群。他們是擁有國際觀的富豪,他們受益於全球化和新的科技革命。他們的興起有幾個原因,共產主義的失敗、經濟越來越全球化、以及網際網路的衝擊,讓資訊和通信變得免費或幾乎免費。目前他們大部分只有四十歲甚至更年輕。

全球超富階級在舊時代的規則崩潰中興起。舊規則的崩潰從音樂事業蔓延到傳統媒體,再到底特律的大汽車廠,這些產業發現在面對矽谷、孟買、上海甚至西伯利亞的競爭時,自己已經過時、飽受挫敗、也沒有價格競爭力。

對於那些最聰明、最堅毅、最有創造力的人,他們會發現自己正活在一個史無前例、充滿機會的年代。一整個全新的產業從突破性的產品裡萌芽,革命性的科技加速資本主義對舊工業的"創造性破壞"。(譯按:熊彼得的創造性破壞)

在第二個十年,你會看到西方中產階級被掏空,垃圾一族在全世界產生 - 就好像現代恐龍們正遭逢演化浩劫。全球化與科技化兩種趨勢都會處罰那些沒有足夠智慧、運氣、勇氣從改變中獲利的人。自動機器、科技和低薪國家的廉價勞工會讓西方的工資繼續下降,讓那些過時的、觀念錯誤的人遇到更糟的金融危機。

史無前例的開始

這個年代有一個史無前例的開始。就如之前提到,科技已經讓資訊和通訊傳播幾乎免費,所以現在的機會比以前任何時候都多 - 不過這些機會有一大部分是理論上的。因為在美國,社會階級的高度流動性很自然的會讓盡量多的中產階級變成垃圾一族。
從 1997 到 2001 社會鴻溝如下:
1. 最前面的 1% 賺走了 24% 的財富增長。
2. 最前面的 10% 賺走了 49% 的財富增長。
3. 最底層的 50% 只賺到 13% 的財富增長。

一直到 2008 年上面這些數字好像還是無關緊要。許多美妙的發明,譬如 ipone,ipod,Twitter, google, 和 facebook 等,不斷讓我們高興得就像迪斯奈樂園裡的小孩。

同一時間,不斷擴張的債務泡沫創造出一個超現實的環境,就好像是一個貨幣的極樂世界。你能買任何你想要的,把你的信用卡用到極限,然後再用房貸付清卡債,就好似聖誕老人的雪橇不斷地開過來一樣。誰會介意最底層的50%已經被拋在後面?誰會介意前面的10%拿走了49%的財富增長?誰會介意社會上10%的人變得富有,而其餘90%被遠遠拋在後頭?我們有新玩具,我們趕上流行,中國貨讓我們看起來富有,我們還可以零首付就買到夢想中的房子。還有什麼比這更好的?

隨著金融危機蔓延,新富階級和垃圾一族之間的鴻溝也會變成越來越嚴重的政治議題。(以下一段我看不大懂,希望有人英文好一點:During the 1960s, the hippies dropped acid and dropped out.  Today, as Dumpies, the largest demographic group (a.k.a. baby boomers, approximately 75 million strong…of which I am one) may wake up and drop back in.)如果他們真的如此,誰知道被他們嬉皮價值觀所推動的政治風潮會往哪裡去?這也是為何21世紀的第二個十年比第一個十年重要的原因。

對第二個十年來說,財商教育是一個重要的目標。我們不能允許窮富之間的鴻溝繼續擴大,學校裡一定要有財商教育。單純給錢不會縮短這道鴻溝,只有財商教育才會。如果我們什麼都不做,誰知道代表下一個十年的吉祥物又會冒出什麼鳥來?

鑑往知來。歷史上,政治暴君都是從經濟危機中誕生的。比較出名的人物有毛澤東、史達林、拿破崙、米諾塞維奇。

1993年,1929年經濟大崩潰後的四年,兩個名人從世界經濟衰退裡出現。一位是 阿道夫.希特勒,另一位是 富蘭克林.達蘭諾.羅斯福(老羅斯福總統)。很多人相信歐巴馬是用羅斯福總統的形象來塑造自己,這就引發了另一個問題:那麼誰要扮演這個時代的希特勒呢?

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原文來自
http://finance.yahoo.com/expert/article/richricher/237392,轉貼如下:

The Rise of the Mega-Rich

by Robert Kiyosaki

Posted on Wednesday, April 28, 2010, 12:00AM

The first decade of the 21st century is over. Many people find themselves off to a bad start. The new century began with the Y2K scare -- the threat of computers shutting down around the world. Then 9/11 came, followed by two long and expensive wars. The Nasdaq bubble and crash were followed by the real estate bubble then subprime crash, which led to the unprecedented printing of trillions of dollars in an attempt to prevent a global depression. The result is a lingering financial crisis that has expanded the gap between the haves and have-nots.

Most decades have their characters. In the 1960s, we had the hippies. By the 1970s the peace movement evolved into John Travolta and disco. In the 1980s, capitalists took center stage. Techies dominated the 1990s and suddenly geeks were cool.

The question is, what character will emerge to represent the first decade of the 21st century?  Will it be the religious terrorists flying into tall buildings or the financial terrorists stealing our wealth from inside tall buildings? Will the first decade be known for Ponzi scheme notables such as Bernie Madoff and Allen Stanford… or Social Security and mutual funds? Could it be known for odd couples such as Barack and Hillary or John and Sarah? Or will the first decade be known as the era of celebrity philandering with confessions from the likes of Tiger Woods, Elliot Spitzer, and John Edwards? (All three should get together to co-author a book entitled “Family First”.)

The Century's Exciting Start

All in all, the first decade was an exciting start to the 21st century. What will the second decade bring? What new character will emerge if hippies, disco-ducks, techies, and philanderers are yesterday’s news?

I believe there will be two newsworthy groups to emerge between 2010 and 2020. One big group will be the Dumpies, so named because life leaves them down in the dumps. Many in this group are old hippies who flourished during the ‘60s and forgot to grow up. Not all Dumpies were hippies. Many Dumpies became Dumpies simply because, like dinosaurs, they failed to notice the weather changing. They simply followed in their parents’ footsteps, faithfully believing that all they had to do was go to school, get a job, buy a house, save money, retire on a company pension, collect Social Security, and live happily ever after at the country club. The formula worked for their parents -- the WWII generation – so why shouldn’t it work for them?

The problem is, the rules of money changed. In 1971 President Nixon took the world off the gold standard and in 1974 the predecessor to the 401(k) plan emerged. Suddenly savers were losers as inflation took off, debtors were winners, and people turned to gambling with real estate and in the stock market as the guarantee of a retirement check for life disappeared. 

In the coming decade, I believe we will be hearing more and more stories of Dumpies -- well educated, hard-working, successful, prosperous people who will find themselves out of time, out of money, and dependent upon government or family support in their golden years.

The New, the Young, the Prosperous

The second group you will hear more about is the new, young, global mega-rich. They are internationally minded plutocrats who are the beneficiaries of globalization and the technical revolution. They are being pushed along by the fall of communism, the spread of economic globalization, and the impact of the internet as technology makes information and communication free or almost free. Most are 40 or younger today.

This rise of the new global mega-rich is happening as established institutions are falling. The fall runs the gamut from the music business and traditional media to the Detroit automakers who find themselves obsolete, outmaneuvered, and out-priced by entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, Mumbai, Shanghai, and even Siberia.

We live in an era of unprecedented opportunity for the smartest, most persistent, and creative among us. Whole new businesses will emerge around breakthrough products as revolutionary technologies accelerate capitalism’s creative destruction of slower industries.

In this second decade, you will see the middle class of the West being hollowed out, creating the Dumpies of the world…modern dinosaurs of the evolutionary process. Both globalization and technology will have a punishing impact on those without intellect, luck, or chutzpah to profit from the changes. Machines, technology, and cheap labor in low-wage countries have pushed down wages in the West, aggravating the financial crisis for the obsolete and ill-informed.

Unprecedented Openness

We live in an age of unprecedented openness. As stated earlier, technology has made information and communication free or almost free. There is more opportunity than ever before…yet that opportunity is largely theoretical: In America social mobility will reverse as many in the middle class become Dumpies.

Between 1997 and 2001 the gap was as follows:

          1.  The top 1% earned 24% of earnings growth.
          2.  The top 10% earned 49% of earnings growth.
          3.  The bottom 50% earned 13% of growth.

Until 2008 none of this seemed to matter. The wonderful inventions, such as iphones, ipods, Twitter, Google, and Facebook kept us entertained like kids at Disneyland. 

At the same time, the expanding bubble of debt created a surreal environment of monetary nirvana.  You could buy what you wanted, max out your credit cards, and pay off the cards with a home equity loan, as Santa’s sleigh ride continued. Who cared if the bottom 50% were being left behind? Who cared if the top 10% earned 49% of earning’s growth? Who cared if 10% of the population got richer while 90% were left behind? We had toys, we were hip, we had designer bling from China that made us look rich, and we could buy the house of our dreams for no money down. What could be better?

As this financial crisis lingers on, the gap between the new plutocracy and the new Dumpies is becoming a pressing political issue. During the 1960s, the hippies dropped acid and dropped out.  Today, as Dumpies, the largest demographic group (a.k.a. baby boomers, approximately 75 million strong…of which I am one) may wake up and drop back in. If they do, who knows where the political process, driven by their hippie values, will go? This is why the second decade of the 21st century will be more important than the first.

Financial education is an important objective for this next decade. We cannot allow the gap to grow bigger. We must have financial education in our schools. Money will not close the gap -- only financial education will. If we do nothing, who knows what creature will emerge as the mascot of the new decade?

To see the future, look to the past. Throughout history, political despots have emerged during times of economic crisis. Some famous characters are Mao, Stalin, Napoleon, and Milosevic.

In 1933, four years after the 1929 crash, two figures arose from the Depression. One was Adolf Hitler. The other was Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Many people believe Barack Obama is modeling himself after FDR. Which leads to the question: Who will play Hitler?

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